An Upper Bound for the w-Weak Global Dimension of Pullbacks

Let R be a commutative ring with identity and I0 an ideal of R.We introduce and study the c-weak global dimension c-w.gl.dim(R/I0) of the factor ring R/I0.Let T be a w-linked extension of R,and we also introduce the wR-weak global dimension wR-w.gl.dim(T) of T.We show that the ring T with wR-w.gl.dim(T) =0 is exactly a field and the ring T with wR-w.gl.dim(T) ≤ 1 is exactly a PwRMD.As an application,we give an upper bound for the w-weak global dimension of a Cartesian square (RDTF,M).More precisely,if T is w-linked over R,then w-w.gl.dim(R) ≤ max{wR-w.gl.dim(T) + w-fdR T,c-w.gl.dim(D) + w-fdn D}.Furthermore,for a Milnor square (RDTF,M),we obtain w-w.gl.dim(R) ≤ max{wR-w.gl.dim(T) + w-fdR T,w-w.gl.dim(D) + w-fdR D}.     

加强型Bi-2212超导股线有限元拉伸性能分析

为探究加强型Bi-2212超导股线的力学性能以及不锈钢包带对超导股线力学性能的影响，运用Ansys软件建立加强型Bi-2212超导股线的三维模型，采用有限元分析方法，对其机械结构进行仿真，模拟高温高压热处理后轴向受拉形变量和应力应变分布情况。仿真结果显示，在同样施加100 N拉力的情况下，与超导原线（Bi-2212超导线）相比，密绕Ni₈₀Cr₂₀包带后的加强型Bi-2212超导股线轴向受拉形变程度减小，约10%;应力应变均降低，约30%。采用Ni₈₀Cr₂₀作为外包带制成的加强型Bi-2212超导股线力学性能显著，是未来超导线发展方向之一。     

超导磁共振仪器设备国产化现状及挑战

磁共振在化学分析和医学影像等领域发挥着不可或缺的作用，而磁共振仪器设备是开展磁共振研究的必要前提.长期以来，国外仪器厂商在我国磁共振仪器市场居于垄断地位.近年来，随着我国在磁共振仪器研发和产业化方面不断取得进展，市场份额为外商垄断的局面已大为改观.本文调研综述了我国磁共振仪器设备研制的现状，以及面临的若干挑战.     

Simultaneous determination of 75 abuse drugs including amphetamines,benzodiazepines, cocaine,opioids, piperazines,zolpidem and metabolites in human hair samples using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous determination of 75 abuse drugs and metabolites, including 19 benzodiazepines, 19 amphetamines, two opiates, eight opioids, cocaine, lysergic acid diethylamide, zolpidem, three piperazines and 21 metabolites in human hair samples, was developed and validated. Ten‐milligram hair samples were decontaminated, pulverized using a ball mill, extracted with 1 mL of methanol spiked with 28 deuterated internal standards in an ultrasonic bath for 60 min at 50°C, and purified with Q‐sep dispersive solid‐phase extraction tubes. The purified extracts were evaporated to dryness and the residue was dissolved in 0.1 mL of 10% methanol. The 75 analytes were analyzed on an Acquity HSS T3 column using gradient elution of methanol and 0.1% formic acid and quantified in multiple reaction monitoring mode with positive electrospray ionization. Calibration curves were linear (r ≥ 0.9951) from the lower limit of quantitation (2–200 pg/mg depending on the drug) to 2000 pg/mg. The coefficients of variation and accuracy for intra‐ and inter‐assay analysis at three QC levels were 4.3–12.9% and 89.2–109.1%, respectively. The overall mean recovery ranged from 87.1 to 105.3%. This method was successfully applied to the analysis of 11 forensic hair samples obtained from drug abusers.     

Characterization of moisture mobility and diffusion in fresh tobacco leaves during drying by the TG–NMR analysis

This paper presents the stabilization effects of inorganic filler, cerium-doped lead zirconate titanate on high-density polyethylene. The filler was loaded in two concentrations (1 and 3 wt%). The dopant contents in PbZrO₃ were 0, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1 and 0.125 mol%. The degradation of hybrid samples was accomplished by γ-irradiation at various doses up to 200 kGy. The isothermal and nonisothermal chemiluminescence (CL) and thermal analysis (TG-DSC) were applied for the thermal stability characterization of modified HDPE samples. The mechanistic considerations and radiochemical consequences caused by the variation of filler concentration and doping level are discussed. The results demonstrate that the filler acts efficiently as stabilizer at low concentration of additive when the lower filler amount is present. The start of degradation precedes melting by four processes through which the chain scission and radical oxidation represent the essential degradation stage. The filler concentration influences the degradation due to the intimate interaction between solid-state defects and free radicals. The polymer protection against oxidation is based on the scavenging of radicals by the doping elements, that is, they trap and block radicals delaying material aging. The present results open a new perspective in the quality amelioration of organic products toward high durability.

     

Analysis of deuterated water contents using FTIR bending motion

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - An extensive series of evaluations have been performed as part of an IAEA coordinated research project to study a set of nuclear reactions that...     

Comparative analysis of the main active components and hypoglycemic effects after the compatibility of Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma

In this study, a rapid and highly sensitive ultra high performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method with the mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous formic acid was established and successfully applied to comparatively analyze main active components after their compatibility. Besides, the effects of Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma and combined extracts on type 2 diabetic rats induced by high‐fat diet along with low dose of streptozocin were investigated. Under the optimized chromatographic conditions, good separation of seven target components was achieved within 12 min. All calibration curves exhibited good linearity (R² ≥ 0.999). The relative standard deviation of precision, repeatability and stability varied from 0.69 to 2.23, 0.98 to 2.56, and 0.92 to 2.57%, respectively. The recovery ranged from 91.11 to 105.35%. The contents of seven active components were notably reduced after compatibility; however, the hypoglycemic effect of combined extracts was stronger than single drug by decreasing the activities of fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase, glucose 6‐phosphatase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and increasing the activities of glucokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase. Accordingly, the established analytical method was accurate and sensitive enough for quantitative evaluation of seven investigated compounds. Moreover, the combined extract had definite effects on type 2 diabetes through multiple components against multiple targets.     

The catalytic performance study of polymerized ionic liquid synthesized in different conditions on alkylation of o‐Xylene with styrene

In this work, a series of novel acidic polymerized ionic liquids were used as heterogeneous catalyst for alkylation of o‐Xylene with styrene. And the effect of the amount of initiator and the type of acid used for ion exchange on catalyst structure and the catalytic performance of catalysts for alkylation were studied thoroughly. The experiment results show: when the percentage of the amount of initiator in the total material is 3%, the polymerized ionic liquid catalyst MPM‐SO₃H‐[C₃V][SO₃CF₃] has the most uniform with a specific surface area of 97.30 m²/g and a pore volume of 0.35 cm³/g. Benefiting from the unique structure features, MPM‐SO₃H‐[C₃V][SO₃CF₃] manifested an excellent catalytic performance for alkylation of o‐Xylene with styrene, along with the conversion of styrene was 96.8% and the yield of 1‐Phenyl‐1‐ortho‐xylene ethane was 94.7%. Therefore, this work provides a novel reference to the synthesis of polymerized ionic liquids and clearly explains the advantage of novel acidic polymerized ionic liquids on alkylation.     

Synergistic Surface Passivation of CH3NH3PbBr3 Perovskite Quantum Dots with Phosphonic Acid and (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane

CH₃NH₃PbBr₃ perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) are synthesized by using four different linear alkyl phosphonic acids (PAs) in conjunction with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) as capping ligands. The resultant PQDs are characterized by means of XRD, TEM, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, UV/Vis, photoluminescence (PL), time-resolved PL, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). PA chain length is shown to control the PQD size (ca. 2.9–4.2 nm) and excitonic absorption band positions (λ=488–525 nm), with shorter chain lengths corresponding to smaller sizes and bluer absorptions. All samples show a high PL quantum yield (ca. 46–83 %) and high PL stability; this is indicative of a low density of band gap trap states and effective surface passivation. Stability is higher for smaller PQDs; this is attributed to better passivation due to better solubility and less steric hindrance of the shorter PA ligands. Based on the FTIR, Raman, and XPS results, it is proposed that Pb²⁺ and CH₃NH₃⁺ surface defects are passivated by R−PO₃²⁻ or R−PO₂(OH)⁻, whereas Br⁻ surface defects are passivated by R−NH₃⁺ moieties. This study establishes the combination of PA and APTES ligands as a highly effective dual passivation system for the synergistic passivation of multiple surface defects of PQDs through primarily ionic bonding.     

Pentapnictogen heterocyclic monoanions: Structure,stability, and aromaticity

Inorganic planar ring-shape molecules with 4n + 2 π electrons are always the focus of experimental synthesis and theoretical research due to their potential aromaticity and stability. In this work, the whole series of five-membered heterocycle monoanions X _nY_5-n⁻ (X, Y = group 15 elements; n = 1-4) were thoroughly investigated by means of density functional theory calculations. They all have large formation energies and HOMO-LUMO gap energies, suggesting the potential thermodynamic and kinetic stability. Their aromaticities are comparable to that of typical aromatic hydrocarbons. Their thermal stabilities were firmly established by the ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. As most of them are predicted for the first time, their various spectra were simulated for experimental characterization. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these five-membered cyclic anions can be employed as η⁵-ligand to construct novel all-inorganic metallocenes, which may serve as the building blocks of low-dimensional nanomaterials.